Heart disease is a serious medical condition (like in humans) and is a common problem in pets. It affects roughly 15% of all cats. In dogs it affects 10% of dogs aged 5-8 years, 20-25% dogs aged 9-12 years and increasing to up to 55% of dogs aged 13+ years. Just like in humans, maintaining heart health is essential for a long and happy life. By taking proactive steps, pet owners can reduce the risk of heart disease in their furry companions.
Understanding Heart Disease in Pets
Heart health is just as vital for our pets as it is for us pet parents. Many heart conditions in cats and dogs can develop at any stage of life and often go undetected until they become severe. Preventative care, including routine check-ups, proper nutrition, and regular exercise, plays a key role in reducing heart disease risks.
Genetics can influence heart health in both cats and dogs. While some pets are predisposed to heart issues, maintaining an active lifestyle and a balanced diet can help keep their heart strong. Understanding how to support your pet’s heart health through proper nutrition and care can contribute to a longer, healthier life.
Types of Heart Disease in Pets
Heart disease in pets falls into two main categories:
- Congenital heart disease – Present at birth, this condition may be detected early in life but can sometimes go unnoticed for years.
- Adult-onset heart disease – Often caused by degenerative changes in the heart, such as mitral valve disease, which affects the heart’s function over time or dilation of the heart chambers. Factors like genetics, weight, physical activity, and diet can contribute to its development.
Recognizing the Signs of Heart Disease in Dogs
Identifying early symptoms of heart disease in dogs can greatly impact treatment success. Common signs include:
- Difficulty breathing, excessive panting, or shortness of breath
- Persistent coughing, especially at night or after exercise
- Fatigue or reluctance to exercise due to the heart struggling to pump blood
- Fainting or collapsing, which may indicate irregular heart rhythms
- Decreased appetite and unexplained weight loss
- Pale gums
- Swollen abdomen
- Restlessness during sleep
- Increased water intake
Symptoms of Heart Disease in Cats
Cats are experts at masking signs of illness, making early detection crucial. Pet owners should watch for:
- Lethargy and reduced activity levels, even in normally playful cats
- Rapid or laboured breathing, open-mouth breathing, or wheezing
- Sudden collapse or weakness due to reduced blood circulation
Early intervention can significantly improve your pet’s quality of life. If your pet shows any of these signs, it’s essential to seek veterinary advice promptly.
Diagnosing Heart Disease in Pets
If we detect any irregularities, we may recommend a full heart health evaluation, which may include:
- X-rays
- Ultrasound
- Blood tests
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
These tests help us diagnose heart conditions and determine the best course of treatment for your pet.
Tips for Maintaining Your Pet’s Heart Health
- Maintain a Healthy Weight
Excess weight puts added strain on your pet’s heart, increasing the risk of heart disease. Feeding a balanced diet tailored to your pet’s age, breed, and activity level is crucial. Avoid overfeeding or excessive treats and consult your veterinarian for dietary recommendations. Obesity is one of the biggest risk factors for heart disease in cats and dogs, so portion control is essential. Also, ensure your pet has access to fresh water at all times to prevent dehydration, which can strain the heart.
- Encourage Regular Exercise
Exercise is vital for heart health. Dogs benefit from daily walks, playtime, and activities like fetch. Cats can stay active with interactive toys, climbing structures, and short bursts of play throughout the day. Short play sessions using feather wands, laser pointers, or puzzle feeders can help encourage movement. While cats may not go for walks like dogs, multiple short bursts of exercise daily can improve their cardiovascular health. Always adjust exercise routines based on your pet’s age and physical condition to avoid overexertion.
- Schedule Routine Veterinary Check-Ups
Annual or biannual check-ups allow veterinarians to detect early signs of heart disease. Listening to heartbeats, monitoring overall health, and performing necessary tests can help catch conditions before they become severe. Routine check-ups also provide an opportunity to discuss any changes in your pet’s weight, diet, or activity levels that may impact their heart health.
- Provide a Heart-Healthy Diet
A nutritious diet supports heart function and overall health. Look for pet foods containing:
- Lean proteins to support muscle, including the heart
- Omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular health
- Essential vitamins and minerals like taurine (critical for cats), L-carnitine, and CoQ10 to support heart muscle function
Avoid feeding your pet table scraps or foods high in sodium, as excessive salt intake can contribute to heart problems. A well-balanced diet not only keeps pets at a healthy weight but also ensures they receive the nutrients necessary for optimal heart health. Speak to your vet about the best food options for your pet’s specific needs.
- Monitor for Warning Signs
Keeping an eye on your pet’s health can lead to early diagnosis and treatment. Signs such as persistent coughing, difficulty breathing, fatigue, reduced appetite, or fainting warrant immediate veterinary attention. If you notice any of these symptoms, don’t wait—seek veterinary care as soon as possible. Heart conditions often progress over time, so early intervention is key to improving your pet’s prognosis.
- Protect Against Heartworm and Parasites
Heartworms, transmitted by mosquitoes, pose a significant threat to your pet’s heart. Year-round heartworm prevention is essential, along with regular parasite protection to prevent infections that may impact heart health. Dogs and cats should receive vet-recommended heartworm preventatives regularly, as heartworm disease can be life-threatening. In addition to heartworm prevention, protecting against ticks and fleas can reduce the risk of infections that may indirectly affect the heart.
Final Thoughts
Taking preventative steps can make a huge difference in your pet’s heart health and overall well-being. By maintaining a balanced diet, ensuring regular exercise, scheduling vet check-ups, and using parasite preventatives, you can help your pet live a longer, healthier life.
If you have concerns about your pet’s heart health or want to schedule a check-up, contact Chatswood Vet Clinic today!